Posts tagged "backend"

Webhooks are deceptively simple — until your handler processes the same charge twice or accepts a forged event. Here's the production reality: HMAC signing, idempotency, backoff, and replay defense.

Normalization rules sound abstract until you see what a denormalized table looks like after six months of updates. This guide explains the normal forms using simple, concrete examples.

An index can turn a ten-second query into a millisecond query — or slow down your writes significantly if misused. Understanding the data structure behind indexes makes both outcomes predictable.

SQL is one of the most valuable skills a developer can have — and the fundamentals are surprisingly approachable. Start here to write your first real queries confidently.

Rate limiting is invisible when it works and infuriating when it is misconfigured. Understanding the underlying algorithms helps you implement limits that protect your API without frustrating legitimate users.

Is that a 401 or a 403? A 404 or a 410? HTTP status codes have precise meanings that most developers only half-remember. Here is the definitive guide with practical guidance on when to use each.

A badly designed API is a source of endless frustration. These battle-tested REST API design principles help you build endpoints that are intuitive, maintainable, and future-proof.